On March 28, the “2022 National Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries” was announced in Beijing, and the promotion of the Wenzhou Shuomen Ancient Port Site in the national 22 National Top Ten New Archaeological Discoveries was supervised by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, sponsored by China Cultural Heritage News and the Chinese Archaeological Society, and was an important activity to promote and publicize the major archaeological discoveries of the year nationwide. The event began in 1991 and is held once a year, which is not only an inventory and combing of new archaeological discoveries every year, but also an affectionate collision between archaeology and the public. At present, 20 archaeological projects in Zhejiang have won this award, and the selection of the ancient port site of Shuomen in Wenzhou will become another “golden signboard” of Zhejiang archaeology. Previously, the site has been selected as one of the top ten domestic archaeological news in 2022.
The ruins of Wenzhou Shuomen Ancient Port are located in the east section of Wangjiang East Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, outside the Shuomen of the ancient city of Wenzhou, with the ancient city in the south, the Oujiang River in the north, and Haitan Mountain in the east. The total area of the site is about 2000002021~2022, and the site was discovered in the infrastructure archaeological work, with an excavation area of about 5,000 square meters. The main relics include the ancient city water, the remains of the Lucheng Gate related buildings, 8 wharves, 1 wooden plank road, multiple groups of dry column buildings, pieces of housing sites, wells, etc., and unearthed 2 shipwrecks, a number of 10 tons of Song and Yuan Dynasty porcelain and lacquered wood, glass, brick carvings and a large number of relics, all kinds of relics span from the Northern Song Dynasty to the Republic of China, especially the Song and Yuan dynasties.
Located at the northwest foot of Haitan Mountain, the Shuimentou District is composed of various relics outside the Feng’en Water City Gate and on both sides of the Shuimen River, including steep gates, bridges, embankments, sloped wharves, and building sites, etc., with clear age and evolution of the relics. The stone slope wharf of the Northern Song Dynasty was built on the bedrock of Haitan Mountain, revealing that part of the port area adjacent to the river with a length of 13 and a width of 3.5 is distributed in an east-west strip, which is the distribution area of shipwrecks, wharves and other relics. The jetty-type wharf of the Song and Song dynasties is in the shape of a multi-level platform with a stone-edged earth-core structure. Pier 3 is 13.8 meters long and 4.3 meters wide, and the front platform remains paved with bricks. Two fortune ships were found at the site. Among them, the No. 1 Song Dynasty wreck is 12.4 meters long and 4.1 meters wide, and the total length is estimated to be about 20 meters. 2. The foundation site of the early and late urn city and the remains of brick and stone roads were found in the early and late urn districts. In the Song and Yuan dynasties, the plane of the city wall of the urn city was arc-shaped, the stone wall was the soil core, and the base site was 4 meters thick; In the Ming and Qing dynasties, it was changed to a square shape, and the inner and outer walls were built with a stone base, and a large number of porcelain pieces were unearthed in the stratum of the base site thickness of 5.3. The concentrated distribution of porcelain pieces is mostly in the form of strips, which were formed in the Yuan Dynasty. More than ninety percent of them are Longquan porcelain, and there are basically no traces of use. There are also kilns, blue and white porcelain and brown painted celadon. The site also unearthed rich relics such as lacquered woodware, glazed ware, shells, and plant specimens.
1.2.3. Fill the key missing link of port heritage, which is a classic sample and supporting heritage site of the Maritime Silk Road. Shuomen Ancient Port Site is a complete system integrating the trinity of cities, ports and waterways, which fills the key missing link of the port heritage of the Maritime Silk Road, and is known as the most important archaeological discovery of the port sites of the Maritime Silk Road at home and abroad.
Longquan kiln blue glaze character pattern, flower pattern porcelain