Peking wird fünf Weltklasse-Museen kultivieren. “Entwurf für den Bau und die Entwicklung der Stadt des Pekinger Museums wurde angekündigt. Bis 2035 werden es mehr als 460 Museen verschiedener Art geben.
Der “Beijing Museum City Construction and Development Plan (2023-2035)” (Entwurf für Kommentare), der vom Beijing Municipal Cultural Relics Bureau erstellt wurde, wurde kürzlich angekündigt und öffentlich zur Stellungnahme aufgefordert.
Der “Plan” präzisiert das Planungslayout von “zwei Achsen, vier Bezirken und mehreren Punkten” und schlägt vor, dass die Gesamtzahl der Museen in Peking bis 2025 260 übersteigt und 1 pro 100.000 Menschen erreicht. .2 museums; By 2030, the total number of museums in Beijing will exceed 360, achieving 1 per 100,000 people.6 museums.
Highlight 1
Build a “two-axis, four-zone and multi-point” spatial structure
According to the urban spatial structure of Beijing’s “one core, one main and one vice, two axes and multiple points and one district”, the “Plan” requires that the spatial structure and characteristics of Beijing’s historical and cultural resources be comprehensively sorted out, the potential of Beijing’s urban functions and spatial development will be tapped, and the spatial framework of the whole living museum will be built, forming a spatial structure of “two axes, four districts and multiple points” in the museum city with two spatial axes, four major policy divisions and multiple key cultural and museum areas in the city.
What is “two-axis, four-zone multi-point”? The “Plan” points out that the “two axes” are the central axis and its extension, Chang’an Avenue and its extension, two key spatial axes of the museum city. Specifically, with the Forbidden City-Tiananmen area as the base point, the spatial order and dominance of the central axis are strengthened in the north-south direction, and museum clusters such as the area around the Olympic Park and the south central axis are connected. The east-west direction shapes the national etiquette image of Chang’an Avenue, connecting landmark museums such as the Military Museum of the Chinese People’s Revolution, the Capital Museum, the Beijing Grand Canal Museum (Capital Museum East) and the Yongding River Culture Museum.
The “four zones” are the four major policy zones of core area, demonstration area, innovation area and coordination area. The “Plan” pointed out that the eastern and western urban areas should be promoted to build the core areas of the museum city, and give full play to the leading role of the functional core area of the capital. Support Chaoyang, Haidian, Fengtai, Shijingshan and Tongzhou to build demonstration areas of museum cities and give play to the demonstration effect. Guide Shunyi, Daxing, Changping, Fangshan and the Economic and Development Zone to build museum city innovation zones, combined with the construction of new cities, focusing on innovating and optimizing the organizational model of space and function. Guide Mentougou, Pinggu, Huairou, Miyun and Yanqing to build museum city coordination areas, focusing on refining and integrating cultural resources, making up for shortcomings in centralized construction, and reflecting the new concept of coordinated development of cities and ecology.
“Multi-point” refers to the key cultural and museum areas. The “Plan” requires that a number of key cultural and museum areas of the museum city with distinctive characteristics, outstanding highlights, complementary functions and complete supporting facilities be planned and built in areas with high concentration of museums and urban cultural resources, with the goal of driving the development of upstream and downstream industries and urban functions, giving full play to the brand influence, cultural radiation, crowd attraction and consumption driving force of the museum, promoting urban renewal, promoting industrial development, driving the employment of residents, and becoming the basic unit and important pillar of Beijing Museum City.
Highlight 2
Support the inclusion of the Forbidden City and the National Museum in the “World-class Museum Creation Plan”
According to the overall requirements of the construction of museums in the whole region, the “Plan” requires that the museum system be further improved and optimized, the “5511” plan will be implemented, and 5 “world-class museums”, 50 “excellent museums”, 100 small and medium-sized museums with characteristics, and a group of similar museums will be cultivated, and strive to build a city with “reasonable layout, optimized structure, rich content and distinctive characteristics”.Municipal museum system.
Among them, it clearly supports the inclusion of five museums, namely the Palace Museum, the National Museum of China, the History Exhibition Hall of the Communist Party of China, the Military Museum of the Chinese People’s Revolution and the Capital Museum, into the “Plan for the Creation of World-class Museums with Chinese Characteristics”, improves service guarantee measures, and actively shapes them into world-class museums that represent Chinese style with Chinese characteristics and lead the development of the industry, and create cultural landmarks in the capital.
Implement the “Excellent Museum Support Plan”, focus on supporting about 50 central museums, municipal key museums or high-quality non-state-owned museums that meet the capital’s temperament and first good standards, to be included in the “excellent museums” list, and establish a special docking service mechanism in accordance with the requirements of “one museum, one policy”.
Implement the “Small and Medium-sized Museum Growth Plan”, cultivate a group of “small but beautiful” regional cultural characteristic museums, and incubate and cultivate about 100 small and medium-sized museums with characteristics reflecting the ancient capital culture, red culture, Beijing taste culture and innovative culture. The “Plan” points out that a special assistance system will be formulated for non-state-owned museums among them, support for the purchase of services, project subsidies, awards and subsidies will be increased, and preferential policies such as land and taxation for the establishment of museums by social forces will be promoted.
For “quasi-museums” that have some museum functions and have not yet met the registration and filing requirements, the Plan makes it clear that pilot registration management of “quasi-museums” will be carried out, and a “quasi-museum” registration management system and evaluation standards will be formulated and introduced, and a number of qualified “quasi-museums” will be listed and opened. Encourage the construction of small collection halls and exhibition halls with folk collections and folk culture as the theme, so that “private collections” can move towards “social sharing”.
The plan also puts forward phased requirements for the number of museums: by 2025, the total number of museums in the city will exceed 260, achieving 1 per 100,000 people.2 museums; By 2030, the total number of museums in the city will exceed 360, achieving 1 per 100,000 people.6 museums; By 2035, the whole region will be basically formed, and the total number of museums (including museum-like cultural spaces) will exceed 460, achieving 2 museums per 100,000 people.
How Beijing can build up its advantages?
As of the end of 2021, there were 204 museums on record in Beijing.
● Quality grade
There are 18 first-class museums, 10 second-level museums and 11 third-level museums in the city, ranking first in the country in the number of first-class museums.
● Total number of collections
At the end of the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan”, the total number of collections owned by museums in the city has reached 16.25 million pieces (sets), ranking first in the country.
Development goals
● 2030 target
The basic pattern of “reasonable layout, optimized structure, rich content and distinctive characteristics” of Beijing Museum City has initially emerged, the planning layout of “two axes, four districts and multiple points” has been basically established, and a number of historical, cultural and scientific and technological museums representing the comprehensive image of the capital, such as the Beijing Grand Canal Museum (Capital Museum East Hall) and the Great Wall Museum of China, have been basically completed and become urban landmarks in Beijing. By the end of the 14th Five-Year Plan, the total number of museums in the city exceeded 260, achieving 1 per 100,000 people.2 museums. By the end of the “15th Five-Year Plan”, the total number of museums in the city exceeded 360, achieving 1 per 100,000 people.6 museums.
●2035 target
The global living museum has basically taken shape, and the leading role of “two axes, four areas and multiple points” demonstration has become more prominent. Achieve 2 museums per 100,000 people, and the total number of museums (including museum-like cultural spaces) exceeds 460.
Looking ahead to 2050
The influence of the golden business card of Beijing Museum City is fully displayed, forming an important support for the urban characteristics of “capital style, ancient capital charm and era style”, the cultural resources of the museum gather, cultural products are splendid, the people’s cultural creation vitality is fully released, and cultural consciousness and cultural self-confidence are more prominent.
Source: Beijing Museum City Construction and Development Plan (2023-2035) (Draft for Solicitation of Comments)
Beijing News reporter Zhan Shengjie