On the 1st, the reporter learned from the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology that archaeologists found a large ring trench and an adult cemetery in the late Yangshao period at the Jiangliu site. Among them, a large number of bone-shaped implements in tombs were discovered for the first time in Yangshao archaeology. Their unearthed location and buried background were clear, and their functions might be related to the early textile handicraft industry.
Jiang Ruins are located in the northeast of Jiang Liu Village, Jingyang County, Shaanxi Province. In 2021, archaeologists cleared up the rich remains of the late Yangshao period at the Jiangliu site, and at the same time, the southeast boundary of the Jiangliu site was basically defined through all-round exposure excavation. In 2022, the archaeological work continued on the west side of the excavated area in 2021. On the basis of full disclosure, the ring trenches and cemeteries in the late Yangshao period were discovered. The survey shows that the remaining area of the site in Huanhao is about 200,000 square meters.
Archaeologists found Jiang Liuyangshao Cemetery outside the southwest section of Huanhao, which is about 15 meters away from Huanhao, and found 58 adult tombs distributed in a concentrated way. The cemetery seems to have been planned, and there is no broken relationship between the tombs. Most of them are northeast-southwest, and the heads of the tombs are northeast, facing the moat.
No trace of burial tools has been found in 58 tombs, but some bones may be wrapped in woven fabric and buried. The phenomenon of “body cutting” is more common, and it is more common for the palm or finger to be cut off. In addition, it was also found that the tomb owner’s head was buried in a pottery jar, and there were fetal bones left in the pelvic cavity of the tomb owner.
The funerary objects unearthed in 30 tombs include bone objects, jade articles, stone tools, stone ornaments, etc., which are large in number, but the partial categories are serious, and the most of them are bone objects with the shape of a grate. These bone artifacts are unearthed in a fixed position, mostly on the outside of the left arm of the tomb owner, ranging in number from several pieces to thirty or forty pieces. They are placed in bundles with different lengths and shapes.
According to archaeological experts, the large-scale ring trenches and adult cemeteries are important discoveries of Yangshao archaeology in recent years, especially in the late Yangshao period, which provide important information for in-depth analysis of the settlement form and social structure of the late Yangshao period in Guanzhong area. Reporter Alina